Cancer Treatment Reviews
Volume 30, Issue 5 , Pages 425-436 , August 2004

Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer: a concise overview

References 

  1. Fiorentini G, Poddie DB, Giorgi UD, et al.  Global approach to hepatic metatases from colorectal cancer: indication and outcome of intra-arterial chemotherapy and other hepatic directed treatments. Med. Oncol. 2000;17(3):163–173
  2. Weiss L. Haematogenous metastatic patterns in colonic carcinoma: an analysis of 1541 necropsies. J. Pathol. 1986;150:195–203
  3. Welch J. The clinical correlation of an autopsy study of recurrent colorectal cancer. Ann. Surg. 1979;189:496–502
  4. Lee YT. Regional management of liver metastases. I. Cancer Invest. 1983;1:237–257
  5. Stangl R, Altendort-Hofmann A, Charnley RM, Scheele J. Factors influencing the natural history of colorectal liver metastases. Lancet. 1994;343:1405–1410
  6. Fong Y, Cohen AM, Fortner JG, et al.  Liver resection for colorectal metastases. J. Clin. Oncol. 1997;15:939–946
  7. Doci R, Bignami P, Montalto F, Gennari L. Prognostic factors for survival and disease-free survival in hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer treated by resection. Tumouri. 1995;81(suppl):143–146
  8. Gayowski TJ, Iwatsuki S, Madariaga JR, et al.  Experience in hepatic resection for metastatic colorectal cancer: analysis of clinical and pathological risk factors. Surgery. 1994;116:703–711
  9. Gaffe BM, Donegan WL, Watson F, Sprat JS. Factors influencing survival in patients with untreated hepatic metastases. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 1969;127:1–11
  10. Bengtsson G, Carlsson G, Hafstrom L, Jonssen PE. Natural history of patients with untreated liver metastases from colorectal cancer. Am. J. Surg. 1981;141:586–589
  11. Breedis C, Young G. The blood supply of neoplasms in the liver. Am. J. Pathol. 1954;30:969–975
  12. Chen HS, Gross JF. Intra-arterial infusion of anticancer drugs: theoretic aspects of drug delivery and review of responses. Cancer Treat. Rep. 1980;64(1):31–40
  13. Boublil J-L, Milano G, Khater R, et al.  Continuous 5-day regional chemotherapy by 5-fluorouracil in colon carcinoma: pharmacokinetic evaluation. Br. J. Cancer. 1985;52:15–20
  14. Collins JM. Pharmacologic rationale for regional drug delivery. J. Clin. Oncol. 1984;2(5):498–504
  15. Ensminger WD, Rosowsky A, Raso V, et al.  A clinical pharmacological evaluation of hepatic arterial infusions of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine and 5-fluorouracil. Cancer Res. 1978;38:3784–3792
  16. Meta-Analysis Group in Cancer. Efficacy of intravenous continuous infusion of fluorouracil compared with bolus administration in advanced colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 1998;16:301–8
  17. Cohen AM, Kemeny NE, Kohne CH, Wils J, de Takats PG, Kerr DJ. Is intra-arterial chemotherapy worthwhile in the treatment of patients with unresectable hepatic colorectal cancer metastases. Eur. J. Cancer A. 1996;32:2201–2205
  18. Hohn DC, Rayner AA, Economou JS, Ignoffo RJ, Lewis BJ, Stagg RJ. Toxicities and complications of implanted pump hepatic arterial and intravenous floxuridine infusion. Cancer. 1986;57:465–470
  19. Kemeny MM, Battifora H, Blayney DW, et al.  Sclerosing cholangitis after continuous hepatic artery infusion of FUDR. Ann. Surg. 1985;202:176–181
  20. Patt YZ, Mavligit GM. Arterial chemotherapy in the management of colorectal cancer: an overview. Semin. Oncol. 1991;18:478–490
  21. Schwartz SI, Jones LS, McLune CS. Assessment of treatment of intrahepatic malignancies using chemotherapy via an implantable pump. Ann. Surg. 1985;201:560–567
  22. Busch E, Kemeny MM. Colorectal cancer: hepatic-directed chemotherapy, and novel modalities. Semin. Oncol. 1995;22:494–508
  23. Curley SA, Chase JL, Roh MS, Hohn DC. Technical considerations and complications associated with the placement of 180 implantable hepatic arterial infusion devices. Surgery. 1993;114:928–935
  24. Daly JM, Kemeny N, Oderman P, Botet J. Long-term hepatic arterial infusion chemotherpay: Anatomic considerations, operative techniques, and treatment morbidity. Arch. Surg. 1984;119:936–941
  25. Doria M, Shepard K, Levin B, Riddell RH. Liver pathology following hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy. Cancer. 1986;58:855–861
  26. Kemeny N, Niedzwiecki D, Shurgot B, Oderman P. Prognostic variables in patients with hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer. Importance of medical assessment of liver involvement. Cancer. 1989;63:742–747
  27. Kemeny MM, Adak S, Gray B, et al.  Combined-modality treatment for resectable metastatic colorectal carcinoma to the liver: surgical resection of hepatic metastases in combination with continuous infusion of chemotherapy—an intergroup study. J. Clin. Oncol. 2002;20:1499–1505
  28. Niederhuber JE, Ensminger W, Gyves J, Thrall J, Walker S, Cozzi E. Regional chemotherapy of colorectal cancer metastases to the liver. Cancer. 1984;53:1336–1343
  29. Balch CM, Urist MM, McGregor ML. Continuous regional chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer using a totally implantable infusion pump: A feasibility study in 50 patients. Am. J .Surg. 1983;145:285–290
  30. Ensminger W, Niederhuber J, Gyves J. Effective control of liver metastases from colon cancer with an implanted system for hepatic arterial chemotherapy. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 1981;1:94; (abstr)
  31. Harmantas A, Rotstein LE, Langer B. Regional versus systemic chemotherapy in the treatment of colorectal carcinoma metastatic to the liver: Is there a survival difference? Meta-analysis of the published literature. Cancer. 1996;78:1639–1645
  32. The Meta-Analysis Group in Cancer: Reappraisal of hepatic arterial infusion in the treatment of nonresectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1996;88:252–8
  33. Kemeny N, Daly J, Reichman B, Geller N, Botet J, Oderman P. Intrahepatic or systemic infusion of flurodeoxyuridine in patients with liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma. Ann. Intern. Med. 1987;107:459–465
  34. Chang AE, Schnedider PD, Sugarbaker PH, Simpson C, Culane M, Steinberg SM. Prospective randomized trial of regional versus systemic continuous 5-fluorodeoxyuridine chemotherapy in the treatment of colorectal liver metastases. Ann. Surg. 1987;206:685–693
  35. Hohn DC, Stagg RJ, Friedman MA, et al.  A randomized trial of continuos intravenous versus hepatic intraaterial floxuridine in patients with colorectal cancer metastatic to the liver: the Northern Oncology Group Trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 1989;7:1646–1654
  36. Martin JK, O'Connel MJ, Wieand HS, et al.  Intra-arterial floxuridine vs systemic flurourouracil for hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer. Arch. Surg. 1990;125:1022–1027
  37. Rougier P, Laplanche A, Huguier M, et al.  Hepatic arterial infusion of floxuridine in patients with liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma: Long term results of a prospective randomized trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 1992;10:1112–1118
  38. Allen-Mersh TG, Earlam S, Fordy C, Houghton J. Quality of life and survival with continuous hepatic-artery floxuridine infusion for colorectal liver metastases. Lancet. 1994;344:1255–1260
  39. Reid T, Galanis E, Abbruzzese J, et al. Hepatic artery infusion of onyx-015, a selectively replicating adenovirus 1, 2, in combination with 5-FU/leucovorin for gastrointestinal carcinoma metastatic to the liver: a phase I/II trial. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol: 1999 (abstr)
  40. Kerr DJ, McArdle CS, Ledermann J, et al.  Intrahepatic arterial versus intravenous fluorouracil and folinic acid for colorectal cancer liver metastases: a multicenter randomized trial. Lancet. 2003;361:368–373
  41. Tono T, Hasuike Y, Ohzato H, Takatsuka Y, Kikkawa N. Limited but definite efficacy of prophylactic hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy after curative resection of colorectal liver metastases. Cancer. 2000;88(7):1549–1556
  42. Wagman LD, Kemeny MM, Leong L, et al.  A prospective, randomized evaluation of the treatment of colorectal cancer metastatic to the liver. J. Clin. Oncol. 1990;11:1885–1893
  43. Lygidakis NJ, Ziras N, Parissis J. Resection combined with adjuvant pre- and post-operative chemotherapy-immunotherapy for metastatic colorectal liver cancer: a new look at an old problem. Hepato-gastroenterol. 1995;42:155–161
  44. Lorenz M, Muller HH, Schramm H, et al.  Randomized trial of surgery versus surgery followed by adjuvant hepatic arterial infusion with 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid for liver metastases of colorectal cancer. Ann. Surg. 1998;228(6):756–762
  45. Kemeny N, Huang Y, Cohen AM, et al.  Hepatic arterial infusion of chemotherapy after resection of hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 1999;341:2039–2048
  46. Lorenz M, Muller HH. Randomized, multicenter trial of fluorouracil plus leucovorin administered either via hepatic arterial or intravenous infusion versus fluorodeoxyuridine administered via hepatic arterial infusion in patients with nonresectable liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 2000;18(2):243–254
  47. Cancer M-AGI. Reappraisal of hepatic infusion in the treatment of liver metastases from colorectal cancer. J. Nat. Cancer Inst. 1996;88:252–258
  48. Safi F, Bittner R, Roscher R, Schumacher K, Gaus W, Berger GH. Regional chemotherapy for hepatic metastases of colorectal carcinoma (continuous intraarterial versus continuous intraarterial/intravenous therapy). Results of a controlled clinical trial. Cancer. 1989;64:379–387
  49. Van Riel JM, van Groeningen CJ, Giaccone G, Pinedo HM. Hepatic arterial chemotherapy for colorectal cancer metastatic to the liver. Oncology. 2000;59:89–97
  50. Goldberg JA, Kerr DJ, Wilmont N, McKillop JH, McArdle CS. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of locoregional 5 fluorouracil (5FU) in advanced colorectal liver metastases. Br. J. Cancer. 1988;57:186–189
  51. Wagner JG, Gyves JW, Stetson PL, et al.  Steady-state nonlinear pharmacokinetics of 5-fluorouracil during hepatic arterial and intravenous infusions in cancer patients. Cancer Res. 1986;46:1499–1506
  52. Anderson JH, Kerr DJ, Cooke TG, McArdle CS. A phase I study of regional and systemic acid for patients with colorectal liver metastases. Br. J. Cancer. 1992;65:913–915
  53. Kemeny N, Seiter K, Conti JA, et al.  Hepatic arterial floxuridine and leucovorin for unresectable liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma. Cancer. 1994;73:1134–1142
  54. Campbell KA, Burns RC, Sitzmann JV, Lipsett PA, Grochow LB, Niederhuber JE. Regional chemotherapy devices: Effect of experience and anatomy on complications. J. Clin. Oncol. 1993;11:822–826
  55. Burke D, Ledermann JA, McArdle CS. Hepatic arterial cannulation for regional chemotherapy is safe in patients with a liver metastasis volume of less than 1 liter. Br. J. Cancer. 1997;75:1213–1216
  56. Doci R, Bignami P, Quagliuolo V, et al.  Continuous hepatic arterial infusion with 5-fluorodeoxyuridine for treatment of colorectal metastases. Reg. Cancer Treat. 1990;3:13–18
  57. Hohn D, Stagg R, Price DC, Lewis BJ. Avoidance of gastroduodenal toxicity in patients receiving hepatic arterial5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine. J. Clin. Oncol. 1985;3:1257–1260
  58. Hohn DC, Rayner AA, Economou JS, Ignoffo RJ, Lewis BJ, Stagg RJ. Toxicities and complications of implanted pump hepatic arterial and intravenous floxuridine infusion. Cancer. 1986;57:465–470
  59. Pettavel J, Gardiol D, Bergier N, Schnyder P. Necrosis of main bile duct caused by hepatic artery infusion of 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine. Reg. Cancer Treat. 1988;1:83–92
  60. Hrushesky WJ, von Roemelling R, Lanning R, Rabaatin JT. Circadian-shaped infusions of floxuridine for progressive metastatic renal cell carcinoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 1990;8:1504–1513
  61. Stagg RJ, Vernook AP, Chase JL, et al.  Alternating hepatic intra-arterial floxuridine and fluorouracil: A less toxic regimen for treatment of liver metastases from colorectal cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 1991;83:423–428
  62. Davidson BS, Izzo F, Chase JL, et al.  Alternating floxuridine and 5-fluorouracil hepatic arterial chemotherapy for colorectal liver metastases minimizes biliary toxicity. Am. J. Surg. 1996;172:244–247
  63. Kemeny N, Steiter K, Niedzwiecki D, et al.  A randomized trial of intrahepatic infusion of fluorodeoxyuridine with dexamethasone versus fluorodeoxyuridine alone in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Cancer. 1992;69:327–334
  64. Van Riel JMCH, Van Groeningen CJ, Kedde MA, et al.  Continuous administration of irinotecan by hepatic arterial infusion. Clin. Cancer Res. 2002;(8):405–412
  65. Fiorentini G, De Giorgi U, Giovanis P, Lucchi SR, Marangolo M. A phase I study of hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) with irinotecan (CPT-11) in hepatic metastases (HM) from colorectal cancer (CRC). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol: 2001 (abstr)
  66. Hu G, Estrov Z, Barber D, Mavligit GM. Forty percent response rate after hepatic arterial infusion of CPT-11 in patients with colorectal cancer metastatic to the liver. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol: 2001 (abstr)
  67. Venook A, Bergland E, Ring E, et al. Gene therapy of colorectal liver metastases using a recombinant adenovirus encoding wt p53 (SCH 58500) via hepatic artery infusion: a phase I study. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol: 1998 (abstr)
  68. Habib NA, Hodgson HJ, Lemoine N, Pignatelli M. A phase I/II study of hepatic artery infusion with wtp53-CMV-Ad in metastatic malignant liver tumours. Hum. Gene Ther. 1999;12:2019–2034
  69. Mavligit GM, Zukiwski AA, Charnsangavej C, Carrasco CH, Wallace S, Gutterman JU. Regional biologic therapy. Hepatic arterial infusion of recombinant human tumour necrosis factor in patients with liver metastases. Cancer. 1992;69(2):557–561
  70. Ikeda T, Adachi I, Takashima S, et al. A phase I/II study of continuous intra-arterial chemotherapy using an implantable reservoir for the treatment of liver metastases from breast cancer: a Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) study 9113. JCOG Breast Cancer Study Group. Jpn J Clin Oncol 1999;1:23–7
  71. Cantore M, Fiorentini G, Aitini E, et al.  Intra-arterial hepatic carboplatin-based chemotherapy for ocular melanoma metastatic to the liver. Report of a phase II study. Tumouri. 1994;80(1):37–39
  72. Becker JC, Terheyden P, Kampge E, et al.  Treatment of disseminated ocular melanoma with sequential fotemustine, interferon alpha, and interleukin 2. Br. J. Cancer. 2002;87(8):840–845
  73. Egerer G, Lehnert T, Max R, Naeher H, Keilholz U, Ho AD. Pilot study of hepatic intraarterial fotemustine chemotherapy for liver metastases from uveal melanoma: a single-center experience with seven patients. Int. J. Clin. Oncol. 2001;6(1):25–28
  74. Hwu WJ, Salem RR, Pollack J, et al.  A clinical-pharmacological evaluation of percutaneous isolated hepatic infusion of doxorubicin in patients with unresectable liver tumours. Oncol. Res. 1999;11(11–12):529–537
  75. Leyvraz S, Spartaro V, Bauer J, et al.  Treatment of ocular melanoma metastatic to the liver by hepatic arterial chemotherapy. J. Clin. Oncol. 1997;15(7):2589–2595
  76. Mavligit GM, Charnsangavej C, Carrasco CH, Patt YZ, Benjamin RS, Wallace S. Regression of ocular melanoma metastatic to the liver after hepatic arterial chemoembolization with cisplatin and polyvinyl sponge. JAMA. 1988;260(7):974–976
  77. Mavligit GM, Pollock RE, Evans HL, Wallace S. Durable hepatic tumour regression after arterial chemoembolization-infusion in patients with islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas metastatic to the liver. Cancer. 1993;72(2):375–380
  78. Mavligit GM, Zukwiski AA, Ellis LM, Chuang VP, Wallace S. Gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma metastatic to the liver. Durable tumour regression by hepatic chemoembolization infusion with cisplatin and vinblastine. Cancer. 1995;75(8):2083–2088
  79. Atiq OT, Kemeny N, Niedzwiecki D, Botet J. The regional treatment of liver metastases from breast cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. 1994;55:26–32
  80. Yodono H, Sasaki T, Tarusawa K, Midorikawa H, Saito Y, Takekawa SD. Arterial infusion chemotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma using EPF and EAP therapies. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 1992;31:S81–92
  81. Patt YZ, Charnsangavej C, Yoffe B, et al.  Hepatic arterial infusion of floxuridine, leucovorin, doxorubicin, and cisplatin for hepatocellular carcinoma: effects of hepatitis B and C viral infection on drug toxicity and patient survival. J. Clin. Oncol. 1994;12:1204–1211
  82. Doci R, Bignamai P, Bozzetti F, et al.  Intrahepatic chemotherapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer. 1988;61:1983–1987
  83. Epstein B, Ettinger D, Leichner PK, Order SE. Multimodality cisplatin treatment in non-resectable alpha-fetoprotein-positive hepatoma. Cancer. 1991;67:896–900
  84. Kemeny N, Fata F. Hepatic-arterial chemotherapy. The Lancet Oncol. 2001;2:418–428

PII: S0305-7372(04)00077-5

doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2004.04.002

Cancer Treatment Reviews
Volume 30, Issue 5 , Pages 425-436 , August 2004

Article Tools